ALLEGED FUNDS MISAPPROPRIATION GENERATES A GRAND JURY INDICTMENT

FROM:  SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION 
Jeremy Fisher Indicted for Fraud

The Securities and Exchange Commission announced that on February 5, 2014, a Grand Jury in the United States District Court for the Middle District of Florida returned an Indictment charging Jeremy S. Fisher with four counts of wire fraud. The Indictment also seeks forfeiture of property obtained as a result of the alleged criminal violations.

The Indictment alleges that from at least August 2009 through December 2012, Fisher raised approximately $1.04 million from approximately 18 investors who invested in unregistered securities offerings conducted by Fisher through his companies. Fisher offered investors the opportunity to invest their money through a “special trading platform” that supposedly generated significant returns. Fisher told investors that their money would be deposited in an overseas bank account and used as collateral for the purchase and sale of collateralized debt obligations and medium term notes on the trading platform. However, Fisher instead fraudulently misappropriated and converted investors' funds for his personal use to pay previous investors, to purchase a house and car and to pay his daughter's tuition and other personal and business expenses. Fisher also provided quarterly statements to investors which falsely represented that investors were earning money on their investments.

The Indictment's allegations are based on the same conduct underlying the Commission's September 30, 2013 Complaint against Fisher filed in the United States District Court for the Western District of Wisconsin. The Commission charged Fisher and his two companies with violations of Sections 5(a), 5(c), and 17(a) of the Securities Act of 1933, Section 10(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and Rule 10b-5 thereunder. The Complaint also charged Fisher with violations of Section 15(a) of the Exchange Act. The defendants entered into consents with the Commission agreeing to the entry by the Court of the relief requested in the complaint, including orders of permanent injunction and disgorgement, plus prejudgment, totaling $936,226 to be paid jointly and severally among the defendants. Fisher has also agreed to pay a civil penalty of $150,000. On October 16, 2013, the Court entered the Final Judgments against Fisher and his companies.

ELDERLY INVESTORS TARGETED WITH OFFERING FRAUD

FROM:  U.S. SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION 
SEC Charges Gary C. Snisky with Offering Fraud

The Securities and Exchange Commission (Commission) filed a civil injunctive action on November 21, 2013, in the United States District Court for the District of Colorado against Gary C. Snisky of Longmont, Colorado. The Commission alleges that Snisky recruited and trained a sales force that raised at least $3.8 million from more than 40 elderly investors in Colorado and seven other states by promising guaranteed returns and safety of principal through a purported investment in government secured bonds.

The Commission's complaint alleges that Snisky and his sales force targeted mostly elderly, annuity-holding investors to purchase interests in Arete, LLC, a purportedly safe alternative to an annuity that also allowed for withdrawal of principal. Additionally, the complaint alleges that Snisky and his salespeople represented to investors that Arete provided a guaranteed annual return of 6% to 7%, a 10% bonus to compensate for any annuity withdrawal penalties, and that investor funds would be placed in bonds backed by the "full faith and credit" of the United States Government. These representations, however, were false, as Snisky misappropriated approximately $2.8 million in investor funds, mostly in cash withdrawals, and used these funds to pay commissions to his salespeople and for his personal use.

The Commission's complaint alleges that Snisky violated the antifraud provisions of the securities laws, Section 17(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 Section 10(b) of the Exchange Act of 1934 (Exchange Act) and Rule 10b-5 thereunder, and Sections 206(1), (2), and (4) of the Advisers Act of 1940 and Rule 206(4)-8 thereunder; violated the unregistered broker-dealer provisions of the securities laws in Section 15(a) of the Exchange Act; violated the security registration provisions of the securities laws in Sections 5(a) and (c) of the Securities Act; and aided and abetted Arete's failure to register as an investment company under Section 7(a) of the Investment Company Act of 1940. The Commission's complaint seeks a permanent injunction, disgorgement plus prejudgment interest, a civil monetary penalty, and other relief against Snisky.

The Commission's investigation was conducted in the Denver Regional Office by John C. Martin, Kerry M. Matticks and James A. Scoggins. Polly A. Atkinson will lead the Commission's litigation. The SEC acknowledges the assistance of the U.S. Attorney's Office, the Internal Revenue Service and the Federal Bureau of Investigation for the District of Colorado. The SEC's investigation is continuing.

FOUNDERS OF CANOPY FINANCIAL, INC., SENTENCED TO 13 AND 15 YEARS IN PRISON FOR FRAUD

The following excerpt is from the SEC website:

February 23, 2012
United States v. Jeremy Blackburn and Anthony Banas, Criminal Action No. 09 CR 976 (N.D. Ill. March 1, 2010)
“The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (Commission) announced that on February 15, 2012, co-founders of the bankrupt Canopy Financial, Inc., a health care transaction-software company based in Chicago, were sentenced to 15 and 13 years in prison for defrauding investors and clients of more than $93 million. Anthony Banas, Canopy’s chief technology officer, was sentenced to 160 months in prison, while Jeremy Blackburn, Canopy’s former president and chief operating officer, was sentenced to 180 months in prison. Both men pleaded guilty in late 2010 to one count of wire fraud, admitting they engaged in a fraud scheme that cheated investors of approximately $75 million and also misappropriated more than $18 million from customer accounts intended for health care savings and expenses. In imposing sentence, United States District Judge Ruben Castillo of the Northern District of Illinois noted that this case was the most aggravated financial fraud he had seen in his 18 years on the federal bench. The judge ordered both men to pay mandatory restitution and forfeiture totaling $93,125,918.

According to their plea agreements, Blackburn and Banas used false information about Canopy’s financial condition, including a bogus auditor’s report and falsified bank statements, to fraudulently obtain approximately $75 million from several private equity investors in 2009. Approximately $39 million of that money was used to redeem shares of other Canopy investors, including approximately $1.6 million that went to Blackburn and $975,000 that went to Banas, while another $29 million obtained from investors was deposited into Canopy operating accounts.

Also according to their plea agreements, Blackburn and Banas misappropriated Canopy operating funds for their own benefit. Blackburn took approximately $6 million in unauthorized withdrawals and transfers from Canopy bank accounts during 2009. Blackburn typically directed a Canopy employee, or occasionally Banas, to transfer Canopy funds to his bank accounts or to pay for his personal expenses, including credit card balances, luxury car purchases, and travel on a private jet. Blackburn also paid for personal home renovations, bought sports tickets and purchased jewelry and watches using misappropriated Canopy funds. Banas used misappropriated Canopy money to invest $300,000 in a nightclub. Banas also spent $400,000 between 2007 and 2009 on other personal expenses.

Blackburn admitted that he created phony bank statements during 2009 to conceal the transfer of more than $18 million from special health care accounts in which Canopy held funds as custodian for the benefit of more than 1,600 clients and customers to make payments to medical providers. The funds were transferred to Canopy’s own operating accounts, as well as to benefit Blackburn and Banas personally.
The Commission’s cases against Blackburn (SEC v. Canopy Financial, Inc., et al., Case No. 09-CV-7429, USDC, N.D.IL (LR-21324) and Banas (SEC v. Anthony T. Banas, Case No. 10- CV 3877 USDC N.D. IL) (LR-21566) resulted in permanent injunctions against both individuals for violating the antifraud provisions of the Securities Act of 1933 [Section 17(a)] and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 [Section 10(b) and Rule 10b-5 thereunder], ordered disgorgement of $1,779,759.83 and prejudgment interest of $71,182.03 against Blackburn in April 2011 and disgorgement of $975,548.25 and prejudgment interest of $32,910.45 against Banas in June 2010.”

FUTURES TRADER ORDERED TO PAY OVER $1.49 MILLION

The following is an excerpt from the CFTC website: "August 8, 2011 Washington, DC - The U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) obtained a federal court default judgment order requiring Otmane El Rhazi to pay over $1.49 million in restitution and a civil monetary penalty for unlawful trading, misappropriation, and fraud. El Rhazi is a Moroccan national and a former futures and options trader and Vice President for Citigroup Global Markets Limited in the U.K. The order, entered on July 29, 2011 by Judge Denise Cote of the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York, requires El Rhazi to pay $373,860 in restitution and a $1,121,580 civil monetary penalty. The order also imposes permanent trading and registration bans against El Rhazi. The order stems from a CFTC complaint filed on April 15, 2011 (see CFTC Press Release 6025-11, April 18, 2011). The CFTC complaint charged El Rhazi with noncompetitive trading, fraud, and misappropriation from a Citibank, N.A. proprietary account for which he exercised trading authority as an employee of Citigroup Global Markets Limited. The court’s order finds that El Rhazi engaged in numerous noncompetitive and fictitious futures trades in order to steal money from a Citibank, N.A. proprietary account and pass the money to his personal account. Starting on November 23, 2010, El Rhazi engaged in a series of noncompetitive palladium and platinum futures transactions executed on the New York Mercantile Exchange’s Globex trading platform “in order to steal money from the Citi Account and pass the money to his own Personal Account,” according to the order. The effect of the transactions was that there was no net change in the open positions of either El Rhazi’s account or the Citibank, N.A. proprietary account. The order finds that as a result of the transactions, El Rhazi’s Personal Account profited and the Citibank, N.A. account cumulatively lost $373,860. The CFTC thanks the U.K. Financial Services Authority and the National Futures Association for their assistance.”

BUSINESS AND TWO EXECUTIVES CHARGED BY SEC WITH TAKING INVESTOR FUNDS

July 6, 2011
The followign is an excerpt from the SEC website:

The Securities and Exchange Commission yesterday charged a New York-based brokerage firm and two executives with misappropriating investor funds.
The SEC alleges that Windham Securities, Inc., Windham’s owner and principal Joshua Constantin, and former Windham managing director Brian Solomon fraudulently induced investors to provide more than $1.25 million to Windham for securities investments and fees by making false claims concerning the intended use of investor funds as well as Windham’s investment expertise and historical returns. Instead of purchasing securities for investors as represented, the defendants misappropriated the investors’ funds and then provided false assurances to investors to cover up their fraud.
According to the SEC’s complaint, filed in U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York, Windham, Constantin, and Solomon misappropriated investor funds from an investment opportunity they had recommended to investors in Leeward Group, Inc., then a private company they told investors Windham was helping to take public. Constantin and Solomon raised more than $1.1 million for investments in Leeward and collected an additional $135,000 in fees purportedly for access to Windham investment opportunities or other related investment services. Constantin then transferred approximately $668,000 of the funds raised from investors to his personal bank account and to the account of Constantin Resource Group, Inc. (CRG), an entity he owned and controlled. Constantin used these funds to pay his personal and business expenses and to pay Solomon, among other things. Constantin also transferred $450,000 of investor funds to purchase Leeward securities in the name of Domestic Applications Corp. (DAC), an entity he controlled and in which none of the investors held any ownership interest. Constantin and Solomon then attempted to conceal their fraud and falsely reassure investors by fabricating phony promissory notes and Windham account statements that falsely showed that the investors had purchased Leeward securities.
The SEC’s complaint charges Windham, Constantin, and Solomon with violating Section 17(a) of the Securities Act of 1933, Section 10(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and Rule 10b-5 thereunder, and charges Constantin with liability as a control person for Windham’s Exchange Act violations and as an aider and abettor of Windham’s and Solomon’s Exchange Act violations. In its complaint, the SEC also names CRG and DAC as relief defendants. The SEC’s complaint seeks permanent injunctions, disgorgement of ill-gotten gains plus prejudgment interest, and penalties against Windham, Constantin, and Solomon, and disgorgement of ill-gotten gains plus prejudgment interest against CRG and DAC as relief defendants.
The SEC’s investigation is continuing.”

Substituting the word "misappropriate" for the word "stealing" seems to diminish an inappropriate action from a crime to a merely overlooked caveat. If one were to hack into a major bank and drain it of money perhaps they just "misappropriated" the funds and hence, should be held to a much lower level of accountability than someone who steals.